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E. W. BRACKELSBERG.y

TYPE WRITING MACHINE. l No. 335,887. Patented Feb. 9, 1886.

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E. W. BRACKELSBERG.

TYPE WRITING MACHINE.

Peeeneed Feb. 9, 1886.

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(No Model.) 6 Sheets-Sheet 3.

E. W. BRACKBLSBERG. TYPE WRITING MACHINE.

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TYPE WRITING MAGHINB.`

No. 335,887. Patented Feb.. 9, 1886.

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(No Model.) 6 Sheets-Sheet 5.

E. W. BRAGKELSBBRG;

l TYPE WRITING MACHINE. No. 835,887. Y Patented Feb. 9, 1886.

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(No Model.)

, 6 Sheets-Sheet 6. E. W. BRAGKELSBBRG.

TYPE WRITING MACHINE.

No. 35,887. VIfazented Peb. 9, 1886.

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ERNST VILHELM BRACKELSBERG, OF HAGEN, PRUSSIA, GERMANY.

TvPemvi/mrlne Mani-line.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 335,887, dated February9,1886.

Application filed October 19, 1885. Serial No. 180,327. (No model.)Patented in Germany December 16, 1884, No. 31,985; in Belgium February20, 1885, No. 67,945; in France February 21, 1885, No. 167,205; inEngland February 27, 1885, No. 2,688, and in Austria` Hungary June27,1885, XXXV, 1,116, and XIX, 1,114.

To all whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, ERNST WILHELM BRACK- ELSBERG, a subject of the Kingof Prussia, and residing at Hagen, Westphalia, Kingdom of Prussia,German Empire, gentleman, have invented a new and useful Improved Type-Writer, also applicable for stamping matrices, (patented in GermanyDecember 16, 1884.,` No. 31,985; Belgium, February 20,1885,No.67,945;France, February 21` 1885, No. 167,205; Great Britain, February 27,1885, No. 2,688, and Austria-Hungary June 27, 1885, respectively Tom.XXXV, fol. 1,116, and Tom. XIX, fol. 1,114,) of which the following isaspecification.

My invention relates t apparatuses known under the name of type-writers;and it con` sists in the means employed for printing or impressingletters or other characters in succession upon a sheet of paper or othermaterial, for causing the spaces between the letters or characterscomposing a word to become uniform, and for regulating the width ofthese spaces, as hereinafter described and claimed.

The improved apparatus is represented on the annexed six sheets ofdrawings.

Figure 1 (divided into Figs. 1a and 1) is a front view ofthe same;Fig.2, (likewise divided into Figs. 2a and 2",) a plan; Fig. 3, a transverse section on line z e, Fig. 1, looking from the left to the right.Fig. iis afront View of a portion of the apparatus, `in which some partshave been omitted in order to show others more clearly. Fig. 5 is abottom view corresponding to Fig'. 4. Fig. 6 shows a section on line yy, Fig. 4. Fig. 7 is an enlarged portion of Fig. 5, serving to explainthe operation of certain parts. Fig. 8 is a front view, and Fig. 9 atransverse section, of a modified part of the apparatus adapted toproduce matrices for stereotyping. ber of equivalents of certain parts.

The types are secured in a single row to the holder T, which isconnected by the pieces a to the stationary guide-bar a, so that it canslide thereon. 1f preferred, the holder and the types may, however, bemade in one piece. The said type-holder is operated by the rod b, exiblyattached to an arm of the former by Fig. 10 shows a num-- means of aballand-soeket joint, b, or other equivalent means, and carrying at itsother end a handle, c, terminating in a beak, e2. Close to the bar athere isa lever, e, having its fulcrum at e', and kept normally in araisedposition by a spring, e2, the saidlever being movable in a planeparallel to the body of the types. To the lever e are attached ledges d,carrying a register ofthe characters of the types contained in thetype-holder, and these characters are so arranged in respect to thetypes, and the length of the rod b is such that when the beak c isplaced upon one of the characters of the reg ister the typecorresponding thereto will be brought opposite to the end of theprintingbar D, serving to press the paper against the type.

v For the purpose of guiding the operator in placing the beak c2 on acharacter, so that the type may always be brought exactly into therequired position,special means are provided. By preference theseconsist in plates d', having opposite to each character a triangularnotch, di, the inclined faces cl3 whereof will conduct the beak c2,provided with a knifeedge,to the proper point,if it should not have beenplaced thereon at once. The characters of the register are distributedupon two or more ledges, d, in order to allow each notch to be made ofsuch Width as that the liability to commit errors While inserting vthebeak c2 will be reduced as much as possible. The operation of bringingthe beak cJ to appropriate place is further facilitated by the fact thatthe ledges d, together with the notched plates d', are arranged atdifferent elevations, or in lines which slant or incline upwardly asthey depart from the pivot e', as seen in Fig. 1, each following onebeing placed higher than the preceding.

The form of the notches di may be made different from thedrawingsfprovided their sides d3 converge downward, so that the beak c2will not shift laterally after having been pressed down Within thenotch. (See Fig. 10, I.) Moreover, the notches may be replaced byconical holes in the plates d, Fig. 10,11, the beak c2 being in thiscase made in form of a round pin directed downward also, a beak forminga triangular prism, or a cone may be used, respectively,with notches orholes having such form that the inclined sides ZZ of the said prism orcone will come in contact with the upper edges thereof only, Fig. 10,111and 1V; o r the arrangement is inverted by attaching projections, pins,prisms, or cones to the register, and forming the beak with a triangular notch or a hollow cone, or with a notch or ahole adapted to the saidprisms or cones, Fig. 10, Vto V111, the object being in every case toconduct the beak c2, by the agency of two inclined surfaces,d3,into thedesired position.. These surfaces di, 1 shall call guides Theprinting-bar D, which is movable in a direction vertical to the face ofthe types, is connected to the lever e by means of the lever 1 and therod 7c, so that when the lever e is depressed the printing-bar will beraisedy and press the paper W, Fig. 3, which is above it, against thetype. The depression of thelever e Ais brought about by a pressureexercised on the same by means of the handle c and beak c2 subsequent tothe insertion of the latter into a notch. The handle c is provided witha plate, c', forlaying on the forenger while performing this operation.By these means a print of any single type may be obtained.

The sheet ofpaper W which is to be printed upon is held by a carriage,H, arranged to slide lengthwise upon the tablef of the apparatus, andwhich, when this table is inclined, as shown in Fig. 3, may be guidedwith sudicient security by a single ledge in front of it; but otherguiding means may be employed..

The said carriage consists of a bottom plate, two standards at the endsthereof, and a bar, h,connecting the standards at the top and par allelto the bottom plate. In the said stand ards is mounted a roller, g,portions of which are faced with india-rubber, by means whereof theroller bears upon the sheet of paper slipped under the same. One of thepivots of the roller carries a ratchet-wheel, j, with which gears a pawlarranged to be operated by a handle, t', for the purpose of turning theroller, and thereby drawing the paper forward through the medium of theindia-rubber facings .when a newline is to be commenced.

The carriage H, with the paper upon it, is moved toward the left forevery letter or character to be printed, or for every space required, bythe following mechanism: To the aforesaid rod la is connected, by meansof a link, Z, one arm of an elbow-lever, Z', having at the end of itsother arm a pin, Z2, engaging in a slit, Z3, at the end of a bar, m,which for the present may be supposed to-be rigidly xed to a bar, m.This bar m is connected by a curved link, m2, to a rod, n', suspendedwith a slit, at, on a pin, n, screwed into an upright arm, es, of thelever c, the said rod n being drawn downward and against the pin n by aspring, as, iiXed with one end to n, and with the other to a knob at thehead vof u. Finally, a. bar, G, is pivoted with one end on the pin a2,connecting the parts n and m2, while with its other end, which is bentobliquely to the bar h of the carriage H, and which has a suitableaperture, it embraces the said bar h in such a manner that when the pinn2 is depressed the bar G will pinch the bar 7i, and thus become lockedwith the carriage, whereas so long as the pin a2 is in its raised ornormal position the bars G and h are independent of each other.

The operation ofthis mechanism is as follows: When the levere isdepressed,it draws,through its arm e, the pin n, and the spring n3, uponthe rod a', which, in acting on the bar G, causes the same to becomelocked with the carriage H. Meanwhile the pin Z2 of the elbow-lever Zslides in the lslit Z3 without acting; but 4when Zl strikes against theleft hand end sur-- face of the slit Z3 it pushes the united bars m andm to the left, and this motion is transmitted, through theconnecting-link m2,to the bar G, which, being locked with the bar h,draws the carriage H with the sheet of paper to the left, so that afreshportion of the lat-ter will be presented to a type. The bar G thus actsas a silent feed pawl. Thereafter the printing-bar D presses the paper W(on which a sheet of paper covered with printing-ink is placed, asusual) against the type above it. During the latter part of the downwardmotion of the lever e the spring n3 expands, under the strain brought tobear upon it after the pawl G has pinched the bar h, and thus allows`the lever e, together with the pin a, (which then slides in the slit n*of the rod n,) to be completely depressed, while the pressure on Gre'mains nearly uniform.

I shall now proceed to show by what means the displacement of thepaper-carriage is regulated and the blank spaces between all the-l For .o, fixed to the bar m', the said gage-lever being pressed with itslefthand curved beak o2 toward the types and the recesses p by means ofa spring, o', while on its right-hand end acts a curved iinger, o3,Figs. l, 4, 5, and 6, fixed to the lever e, so that when the lever e isin its raised position the finger 'o3 will keep the gagelever M out ofcontact with the types, whereas when e is depressed the said fingerallows the spring o to press the gage-lever, with its beak 02, againstthe type, or into the IOO IOS

IXO

recess opposite to the said beak; thirdly, the

bar m is connected to the bar m by a pin, ma, screwed into barm througha slit, m6, in bar m, and by a spring, m5, attached with one end to aprojection, m, on bar m,and with its other end to the pin ma, thisspring tending to draw the bar m, with the left-hand end of its slit m6,

against the pin m3,- '1"ou`rthly, the notches d, or their equivalents,are so adjusted that when the beak c2 is inserted into any one of themthe corresponding type will be brought with its right-hand edge into acertain denite position-say in a line with the right-hand surface oftheprinting-bar D, as shown by a dottedline in Fig. 7. Suppose this type tobe the one for the letter nl and the type following to the left to havethe letter s77 ou its face. As has been stated, the bars m and m beginto move to the left,4 under the pressure of the pin ZQaiter the carriageH and the pawl G have become locked together, and this condition is notaltered by the introduction of the spring nr", which is made strongenough to overcome the frictional resistauces ofthe parts m, m2, u', G,and H. About at the same time that pin Z2 begins to act ou m the fingero3 has released the gage-lever M, and the spring o has pressed it withthe side of its beak 02 against the type, being then in proper positionfor printing-t'. e., in the present case against the type for m. Thebars m and m thereupon moving forward,together with the gage-lever,cause the beak o2 ot' the latter to slide across the type for m7 andinto therccess between the same and the type for s As soon as the beako2 strikes with its tip against this type, the motion of thegage-lever,and consequently that of the parts m, m2, and G, and of thepapercarriage, is stopped. The bar m may, however, continue to moveforward, as its elastic connection with the bar m by means of the springm5 allows it to do so. This arrangement is required in order that thelever c may be completely depressed and the printing-bar brought to bearagainst the type after the bar m' and the paper-carriage have beenstopped.

The ei'iect which the described operation of parts has on the spacing ofthe letters on the paper may best be explained by aid of Fig. 7, whichshows to an enlarged scale, and from below,a portion of the type-holderT with the beak 02 of the gage-lever in two dili'erent positions.Supposing that while the beak o`Z is in its normal position (drawn infull lines) a point, w, be marked thereon opposite to the right-handedge of the type for m1, and assuming, moreover, that a be the distanceof the point w from the tip ot' the beak 02, x the width of the typeopposite to the beak, and v the uniform width ofthe spacing-pieces p,(or of the recesses p,) it will be apparent from the figure that thestroke of the beak is equal to x-l-v-za or, expressed in words, that itis equal to the varying width of the types, plus the space o minus thelength u; therefore so long as a remains unvaried the spaces between theletters printed on the paper will be uniform and equal to l1-u.

Then the lever e is released so that it will be raised by the spring e2,it lirst causes the printing-bar D to be withdrawn from the type, and atthe same time it allows the bar m, irnpelled by the spring nrgto followthe pin ZZ as it recedes, and with which m is in contact by theleft-hand end of slit Z3. Simultaneously the piu u in rising allows thespring aito coutract, and thereupon raises the rod a, whereby thefeed-pawl G is iirst relieved ofpressure and then positively raised withits outer end, so that the paper carriage becomes disengaged from G.Moreover, the fiugeroi, acting on lever M, withdraws the beak oof thesame from the types. Vhen thereafter the left-hand end of slit m hascome into contact with pin mi, the bar m', gage-lever M, link m?, andfeedpawl G move to the right, together with bar m, until m strikesagainst a stop, t. The papercarriage meanwhile remains at rest, as thepawl G is freev to slide on h. During the tinal part of the motion of ethe pin Z'z moves along the slit Z3 to its right-hand end. The apparatusis then ready for renewed action.

In the 'foregoing it was stated that the spaces between the lettersprinted on the paper will be uniform solongl as the dimension a remainsunvaried. The said dimension may, however, be varied, and the spacesbetween the letters thereby caused to become wider or narrower, as thecase may be. This is attained by making the aforesaid stop t adjustable.In the drawings it is supposed to consist in an eccentric segmentpivoted to the frame of the apparatus and provided with a handle forturning it. In the measure as this stopis adjusted so as to allow thebeak o2 to recede more or less the aforesaid dimension a will bealtered. Vords to be rendered conspicuous may thus be printed with widespaces between Ithe letters.

After a line has been tinished the carriage H is moved back by hand upto an adjustable stop, f. Besides, the paper is shifted forward as muchas is required for the height of a line by means of the handle rZ,operating the ratchet-wheelj.

In order to inform the operator when a liuc is iuished, there is likedto the tablef a bell, r, on which strikes a hammer, s, attached to oneend of a lever, s, bearing with its other end against the carriage H andarranged to be released at the proper moment.

The apparatus as described may be employed without alteration forproducing Inatrices for stereotyping, it being only required for thispurpose to replace the paper WV by a sheet ot' sot't pasteboard or othermaterial adapted to receive and retain sufticieutly-deep impressions,andas is otherwise used for makingV matrices. I prefer, however, in thiscase to adopt the modified arrangement represented by Figs. 8 and 9, inwhich the types T are mounted movably in the type-holder T,while thematrice-blank is supported by a stationary block, U.

ward against the blank by an arm, D, attached to the lever e, and theyare raised and maintained in their normal position by means of springs,such as shown in the drawings.

IIO

The types are pressed down- I For shifting the blank n the direction ofthe height of the lines, two rollers, g and g, may be employed.

I claim as my invention- .,1. The sliding type-carrier T, with types,the rod b, flexibly connected thereto and provided with beak c2, thelever e, carrying a register of the characters of the typeaarranged tocorrespond with the types, as described, guides d, for guiding the beakc2 in respect to the characters on lever e, land means, substantially asdescribed, in connection with c, for producing contact between the typebeing in printing position and the material to be printed upon, allcombined and co-operating substantially as specified.

2. The sliding type-carrier T, with types, the rod b, lieXibly connectedthereto and carrying beak c, the lever e, guides d3, and theprinting-bar D, connected to lever e so as to be pressed against thetype in printing position when e is depressed, all combined andcooperating substantially as hereinbefore set forth.

3. The combination, with the type-carrier T, rod b, beak c, lever e, andguides d, ofthe carriage H, connected to the lever e, subslantially asspecified, so that it shall be shifted forward when the said lever isdepressed, substantially as and for the purpose described.

4. The combination, with the type-carrier T, rod b, beak c2, lever e,guides d3, carriage H, having the barh,and feed-pawl G, acting on bar h,ofthe arm e3, with pin n, the springu3,and rod n', having slit n4, thelink m?, united bars m and m, having the slit Z3, elbow-lever l', withpin Z2,and link l, substantially as hereinbefore described, and for thepurpose set forth.

5. The combination, with the type-carrier y recesses 19', for moving thesame lengthwise,' vtogether with the feed-pawl, for allowing it to stopwhen it has traveled to the end of a recess, p', and for limiting itsretrograde motion, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

6. The combination, with the type-carrier T, having recesses p', the rodb, beak c2, lever c, guides d3, carriage H, with bar h, pawl G, andmeans, substantiallyas described, in conneetion with e, for depressingand raising the outer end of G, of the gage-lever M, spring o', curvedlinger 03, bar m', with pin m3, spring m5, bar m, with slits m and Z3,elbow-lever?, with pin Z, links Z and m2,and stopt, substantially as andfor the purpose set forth.

In testimony whereofl have signed my name to this specication in thepresence 0f two subscribing witnesses.

ERNST WILHllLlll BRACKELSBERG. Witnesses:

HENRY SPRINGMAN, B. Roi.

